What causes a cold allergy?

A cold allergy occurs not only at extremely low temperatures. It can also be caused by cold water (generally below 78.8°F), wind, low indoor temperature, or cold food, such as ice cream.

What are the main symptoms?

• Cold allergies usually manifest as hives: red, swollen patches with a bright red outline appear on the skin, which turn pale when pressed and cause intense itching. The spots may be isolated or combined into one. Swelling will increase if not taken promptly. A feature of cold allergies is the rapidity of their manifestation: the first signs of critical swelling can occur in just several minutes.

• A cold allergy sometimes manifests as eczema: the skin becomes red, swollen, and peeling, severe itching occurs, and cracks may form.

• Cold allergies are especially dangerous on the mucous membranes, as they can lead to suffocation. The extreme degree is cold asthma.

• Milder manifestations may be in the form of a profuse runny nose, conjunctivitis, or severe lacrimation.

How to handle it

In essence, cold allergies are the same allergies as food or contact allergies. Take antihistamines and try to avoid further issues such as hypothermia. If you have already experienced its symptoms, you should start a course of antihistamines a month before the cold season, avoid ice-cold food and drinks, and avoid cold showers.

Can allergies be a symptom of a disease?

Yes, especially in women in their 40s and 50s. If you suspect a cold allergy has developed after age 40, it is worth consulting with your doctor. Symptoms can indicate cancer processes, serious problems in the immune system, the development of chronic diseases (tonsillitis, sinusitis, maxillitis), parasitic infections, GI disorders, and problems with thyroid function.

How do I test for allergies?

The Duncan test is the best way to diagnose cold allergies. A piece of ice is placed on the skin for 3–5 minutes. In the case of allergy, redness, swelling and itching will appear. A general blood test will also provide information, as an elevated level of eosinophils can indicate a predisposition to allergies.

Can it be prevented?

There are measures you can take to help prevent this from happening. Gradually accustom your body to low temperatures, and take frequent walks in the fresh air. These are simple yet effective measures that significantly reduce the risk of cold allergies if it is not associated with related diseases.

13 January 2022